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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgem | om kožgo |
| 2SG: | kožget | ot kožgo |
| 3SG: | kožga | ok/ogeš kožgo |
| 1PL: | kožgena | ona/ogə̑na kožgo |
| 2PL: | kožgeda | oda/ogə̑da kožgo |
| 3PL: | kožgat | ogə̑t kožgo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kožgo |
| 2SG: | kožgə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kožgo |
| 3SG: | kožgə̑š | ə̑š kožgo |
| 1PL: | kožgə̑šna | ə̑šna kožgo |
| 2PL: | kožgə̑šda | ə̑šda kožgo |
| 3PL: | kožgə̑št | ə̑št kožgo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgenam | kožgen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kožgenat | kožgen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kožgen | kožgen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kožgenna | kožgen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kožgenda | kožgen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kožgenə̑t | kožgen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgem ə̑l'e | om kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kožget ə̑l'e | ot kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kožga ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kožgena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kožgeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kožgat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kožgo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgem ulmaš | om kožgo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kožget ulmaš | ot kožgo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kožga ulmaš | ok/ogeš kožgo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kožgena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kožgo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kožgeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kožgo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kožgat ulmaš | ogə̑t kožgo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgenam ə̑l'e | kožgen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kožgenat ə̑l'e | kožgen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kožgen ə̑l'e | kožgen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kožgenna ə̑l'e | kožgen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kožgenda ə̑l'e | kožgen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kožgen ə̑l'e | kožgen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgenam ulmaš | kožgen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kožgenat ulmaš | kožgen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kožgen ulmaš | kožgen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kožgenna ulmaš | kožgen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kožgenda ulmaš | kožgen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kožgen ulmaš | kožgen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kožgo | it kožgo |
| 3SG: | kožgə̑žo | ə̑nže kožgo |
| 1PL: | (kožgena) | (ona/ogə̑na kožgo) |
| 2PL: | kožgə̑za | ida kožgo |
| 3PL: | kožgə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kožgo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgə̑nem | ə̑nem kožgo |
| 2SG: | kožgə̑net | ə̑net kožgo |
| 3SG: | kožgə̑neže | ə̑než kožgo |
| 1PL: | kožgə̑nena | ə̑nena kožgo |
| 2PL: | kožgə̑neda | ə̑neda kožgo |
| 3PL: | kožgə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kožgo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kožgə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kožgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kožgə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kožgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kožgə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kožgo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kožgə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kožgo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kožgə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kožgo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kožgə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kožgo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kožgə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kožgo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kožgə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kožgo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kožgaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kožgə̑man |
| Active participle: | kožgə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | kožgə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kožgə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kožgə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kožgen |
| Negative gerund: | kožgə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kožgə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kožgə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kožgə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kožgə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kožgə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||